Spetsnaz
Rafting
Death Row
Manfred von Richthofen
Back to the Future: The Ride
ED-209
Eurocopter HH-65 Dolphin
Piasecki PA-97
Tooth Bleaching
Raise The Titanic!
Georgia Aquarium
Balls 8
Snow Blower
Spitting Cobra
Great White Shark
MV Mont
Dry Tortugas National Park
Gemini 9A
Starfish Prime
Sebaceous Cyst
Skunk
Wolf Spider
MRAP Armored Vehicle
Prepaid Mobile Phone
Rolling Thunder Inc.
Ecdysis
Inhalant Abuse
LASIK
Hydraulic Rescue Tools
Moray Eel
Star of India
Beretta CX4 Storm
Diver Propulsion Vehicle
Japanese Spider Crab
Blue Angels
Precrash System
Slipway
USS Intrepid CV-11
Nasal Irrigation
Petroleum Toxicity
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Ballistic Gelatin
Caminito del Rey
Bhopol Disaster
AK-47
Sardine Run
Tarantula Hawk
Cauliflower Ear
Schwerer Gustav
Crotalus Adamanteus (Eastern Diamondback)
Derweze
MS Oasis of the Seas
Space Exposure
Reflex Sight
Samuel L Jackson
Undercarriage
Knee Replacement
Ultralight Aviation
Vasily Zaytsev
ROKS Cheonan (PCC-772)
Tacome Narrows Bridge (1940)
Bullfrog
Red Flag (USAF)
Traffic Light
Coral snake
Lun-class Ekranoplan
MV Princess Ashika
Kimbo Slice
Reggie Watts
Resolute Desk
Parkour
Miracle On Ice
Blepharoplasty (Eyelid Surgery)
Miss Cleo
Opiliones (Daddy Long Legs)
Colt Anaconda
Hypermiling
Veterinary dentistry
Dental Braces
Hubble Ultra Deep Field
Tap, Rack, Bang
Rhinoplasty
SSC Aero
Sturgis Motorcycle Rally
Red Rock Crab
Sl-1
Surgical Suture
Abdominoplasty
Lethal Injection
Osprey
Assault Breacher Vehicle
Parasailing
Mount Vesuvius
Pit Bull
Desert Tortoise
Four-stroke Engine
RT-2UTTH Topol M
Mil Mi-26
Möbius Syndrome
Pykrete
Gimli Glider
Tonsillolith
Chewing Gum
Water Rocket
African Grey Parrot
Nunchaku
RAID
Rat
Fred Rogers
Guinness
Jameson Irish Whiskey
Sunday Times Golden Globe Race
Casu Marzu
LED-backlit LCD television
Suppressor
Bear Grylls
Big Bertha (Howitzer)
Crawler-Transporter
Principality of Sealand
Car Battery
White Blood Cell
Digital Photography
Flying First Class
Freestyle Skiing
Goblin Shark
The Three Stooges
Benelli M4 Super 90
Tanker 910
Breast Reduction
Hiller X-18
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Down Syndrome
Spider Monkey
Union Pacific Big Boy
Warrenpoint Ambush
Apollo 11
Les Stroud
Richard Pryor
Concussion
North American X-15
Blue Ringed Octopus
Rhytidectomy (Facelift)
Saint Valentine's Day Massacre
Big Mac Index
Annelid
Tiger Shark
Niagara Falls
Heckler & Koch MP5
Hyena
2008 Toronto Propane Explosion
Lamborghini Countach
Breast Implant
Delorean DMC-12
Tonopah Test Range Airport
Buran Program
Poison Dart Frog
Samuel Adams Beer
Outlaws Motorcycle Club
P-51 Mustang
Fluorescence
Simo Hayha
Hot Dog
Airwolf
Golden Eagle
Halabja Poison Gas Attack
HMS Ardent
Taurus Judge
Antipredator Adaption
Tom Savini
Black Ice
Hyacinth Macaw
AH-1 Super Cobra
Honey Badger
Traumatic Brain Injury
Emma Maersk
Magma
Patterdale Terrier
Evergreen Supertanker
Andre The Giant
Minigun
Irukandji Jellyfish
.357 SIG
The Greatest American Hero
USS Thresher (SSN-593)
Richard Simmons
Ingrown Toenail
Spud Gun
Trebuchet
Go-Go Dancing
Suicide By Cop
Floater
Rubber Band Gun
KITT
Green Anaconda
Richard Kuklinski
Rip Current
Buzkashi
1993 Storm Of The Century
Kidney Transplant
Florida Stone Crab
Polar Bear Plunge
Times Square Ball
The Year Without A Santa Claus
Rudolph The Red Nosed Reindeer
K2
Blue Footed Booby
Massive Ordinance Penetrator
Neuschwanstein Castle
SR-71 Blackbird
Glow Stick
Venus Fly Trap
Mitch Hedberg
German Battleship Tirpitz
Chironex Fleckeri
Boss Hoss Motorcycles
USS Nautilus
Project Excelsior
John F. Kennedy Eternal Flame
LZ 129 Hindenburg
Mount Everest
Emphysema
C-130 Hercules
Zone Of Alienation
Target Girl
Jimmy Hoffa
Code Talker
SS Andrea Doria
Ramstein Airshow Disaster
Caddyshack
MacGyver
Flamethrower
United States Bullion Depository
Hells Angels
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Cluster Bomb
Body Suspension
Piper Alpha
Molotov Cocktail
Gumpert Apollo
Russian Knights
John Gotti
Ashley Force
Ilyushin Il-62
Audi R10 TDI
Kim Peek
Pancreatic Cancer
Cordyceps
Ebola
BGM-109 Tomahawk
Sid Haig
Burj Dubai
Bagger 288
Goliath Birdeater
Robert Lasardo
Antonov An 225
HU-16 Albatross
Galileo Spacecraft
Crack Cocaine
Lyle Alzado
Caterpillar 797
Muay Thai
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filed under | space
The Soviet reusable spacecraft program Buran (meaning "Snowstorm" or "Blizzard" in Russian) began in 1974 at TsAGI as a response to the United States Space Shuttle program. The project was the largest and the most expensive in the history of Soviet space exploration. The idea saw its first iteration in the Burya high-altitude jet aircraft, which reached the prototype stage. Several test flights are known, before it was cancelled by order of the Central Committee. The Burya had the goal of delivering a nuclear payload, presumably to the United States, and then returning to base. The cancellation was based on a final decision to develop ICBMs. The next iteration of the idea was Zvezda from the early 1960s, which also reached a prototype stage. Decades later, another project with the same name was used as a service module for the International Space Station. After Zvezda, there was a hiatus in reusable projects until Buran. The construction of the shuttles began in 1980, and by 1984 the first full-scale Buran was rolled out. The first suborbital test flight of a scale-model (BOR-5) took place as early as July 1983. As the project progressed, five additional scale-model flights were performed. The only orbital launch of the (unmanned) Buran shuttle 1.01 was at 3:00 UTC on 15 November 1988. It was lifted into orbit by the specially designed Energia booster rocket. The life support system was not installed and no software was installed on the CRT displays. The shuttle orbited the Earth twice in 206 minutes of flight. On its return, it performed an automated landing on the shuttle runway at Baikonur Cosmodrome. After the first flight, the project was suspended due to lack of funds and the political situation in the Soviet Union. The two subsequent orbiters, which were due in 1990 and 1992 were never completed. The project was officially terminated on June 30, 1993 by President Boris Yeltsin. At the time of its cancellation, 20 billion roubles had been spent on the Buran program. The program was designed to boost national pride, carry out research, and meet technological objectives similar to those of the U.S. shuttle program, including resupply of the Mir space station, which was launched in 1986 and remained in service until 2001. When Mir was finally visited by a space shuttle, the visitor was a U.S. shuttle, not Buran. The Buran completed only one unmanned spaceflight in 1988 before its cancellation in 1993. The Buran spacecraft was destroyed in the Buran hangar collapse on May 12, 2002. [READ THE REST OF THIS ARTICLE]
